09 March 2020

Open Letter to the President of the European Commission regarding Poland’s “Muzzle Law”

Dear President von der Leyen, 

As experts specialising in the rule of law, we wrote to you on 11 December to urge you to apply for interim measures to put an end to the persecution of Polish judges and prosecutors both by Polish authorities and by the two (unlawful) bodies they de facto control, the so-called Disciplinary Chamber and the new National Council of the Judiciary. We were gratified that you acted at that time.

But now there are new and even more pressing dangers to the integrity of the European Union presented by the Polish situation, and we urge you to take further action.

The Polish Government has enacted a “muzzle law” that bars judges from ensuring observance of the right to a fair trial and from guaranteeing rights deriving from the EU Treaties, including effective judicial protection. The law also prevents judges from controlling the validity of judicial appointments and from criticizing authorities, at the risk of being sent for disciplinary action to the very chamber of the Supreme Court which has already been found to constitute an unlawful body by the Supreme Court itself following a ruling from the European Court of Justice. 

In response to this “muzzle law”, which itself must be understood as the Polish government openly refusing to obey the case law of the ECJ, the German District Court of Appeals in Karlsruhe has now refused to extradite a person sought by Polish authorities because of its assessment that Polish courts can no longer act independently given that Polish judges can now be subject at any point to arbitrary disciplinary proceedings and sanctions. This follows on the heels of Norwegian government support for the decision of its national Board of Court Administration to withdraw from planned cooperation with the Polish judiciary for the same reason.

The European Union is an integrated matrix of laws and interrelated systems, with frontline enforcement done by national courts. If the other member states can no longer rely on the independence of national courts in a particular country, mutual trust must be suspended as mutual trust is and cannot be “blind trust”. The decisions by the German judiciary and the Norwegian Court Administration are a sign that the EU’s legal system is already unravelling, and if judicial cooperation can no longer be assured, a major pillar that holds up the EU will soon collapse. 

We commend the Commission for following our December letter with action on 14 January 2020 asking the European Court of Justice to suspend the functioning of the Disciplinary Chamber. But the action came late. Had interim measures been requested last October when the Commission finally announced its decision to refer Poland to the ECJ regarding its extraordinary and scandalous new disciplinary regime for judges, it might have prevented the damage that we now see. 

Alarmingly but not surprisingly, the situation has continued to deteriorate further with irreparable damage now being done following the entry into force of the “muzzle law” on 14 February 2020. We urge the Commission to learn from these events. Waiting to bring infringement actions and to fail to simultaneously seek interim measures when the rule of law in a Member State is so obviously and blatantly deteriorating on an industrial scale only means that the Commission faces a far more serious and intractable problem to deal with later. The problem does not disappear by ignoring it.

This is an urgent moment for action. The Commission must quickly bring an expedited infringement action against this “muzzle law” and must at the same time consider requesting additional interim measures to prevent the “muzzle law” from being enforced by connecting these measures to the already pending infringement action with respect to Poland’s new disciplinary regime for judges. We also ask the Commission to seek to get out ahead of Polish authorities’ obvious attempts to destroy the independence of the Supreme Court which, on current trajectory, will have been crushed by early May due to the rigging of the rules on the basis of which the next First President of Poland’s Supreme Court will be selected when the term of the current incumbent expires.

Furthermore, the time has come for two infringement actions directly targeting the Constitutional Tribunal, which was unlawfully captured in December 2016 and is now being increasingly used to undermine the application of EU law in Poland, and also targeting the new National Council of the Judiciary, which was established on the back of an evident violation of the Polish Constitution and whose active complicity in destroying judicial independence has been established beyond any reasonable doubt by the European Network for Councils of the Judiciary and Poland’s Supreme Court

As Věra Jourová and Didier Reynders themselves have both correctly pointed out, we are not dealing with “judicial reforms” but are facing “a case of carpet bombing” which aims to destroy the Polish judiciary by creating a chilling effect on Polish judges, that is, to scare them into submission by threatening them with politically tilted disciplinary action. Given the dangers involved, the Commission’s failure to promptly bring an infringement action against the “muzzle law” is irresponsible if not unforgivable in a situation where multiple judges have already been and continue to be repeatedly harassed, vilified, sanctioned and threatened with dismissals, jail time and even death for seeking to uphold the rule of law. 

We are alarmed that the Commission has yet to act.

Adding to our growing sense of alarm, we were disheartened to read that you have yet to find the time to meet with the Presidents of the European Network of Councils for the Judiciary, the Network of Presidents of the Supreme Courts of the EU and the European Judges Association to discuss the worsening rule of law crisis in Poland. To make a bad situation worse, media reports are suggesting that Commission action against the “muzzle law” may have been purposefully delayed so as to be used as a bargaining chip to ease ongoing negotiations regarding the EU’s future Multiannual Financial Framework and to generate support for the Commission’s climate change legislative proposal. Adding insult to injury, it was recently suggested the Commission may not even discuss any eventual infringement action against Poland for several more weeks.

The Commission over which you preside has still a chance to avoid the mistakes made by the Barroso and Juncker Commissions, so let us repeat the key lesson of the past ten years: When it comes to the deliberate and systemic dismantling of checks and balances in a Member State’s constitutional order, time is absolutely of the essence. Autocrats always move in quickly to change the facts on the ground so as to present the EU with faits accomplis such as the unlawful appointment of individuals masquerading as judges and establishment of new bodies masquerading as courts. Unless the Commission is prepared to seek the removal of sitting “judges,” require the rehiring of suspended and fired formerly independent judges and demand the dismantling of existing “judicial” institutions, it must act before these changes become entrenched and before the Member State has the chance to complete its thorough destruction of the rule of law.

Following the belated but positive decision of your Commission in finally applying for interim measures in respect of the “Disciplinary Chamber”, we had assumed the lesson has been learned that it is important to stop unlawful changes before they occur. It would seem we were wrong. We therefore urge you to promptly initiate an expedited infringement action whose scope ought to be as wide as possible so as to also prevent the forthcoming planned capture of both Poland’s Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court, for instance, by targeting the new rules which have essentially rigged the election of the next President of the Supreme Court

The current procrastination is akin to dereliction of duty. 

We are indeed talking about the first EU Member State to be simultaneously subject to both the EU’s exceptional monitoring process following the Commission’s activation of the Article 7 procedure and to the Council of Europe’s Parliamentary Assembly’s special monitoring procedure. Both were launched due to the relentless destruction of judicial independence we have seen since the end of 2015. The process of judicial destruction has been going on for more than four years now and yet the Commission appears not to have fully grasped how close Poland is to politically capturing its entire judiciary and ending the rule of law in a Member State of the EU. It is similarly difficult to understand the ongoing delay to bring an infringement action against the “muzzle law” considering the already existing comprehensive legal assessments of this law, whose only parallels can be found in authoritarian states. One may for instance refer to the legal opinions produced by Polish Commissioner for Human Rights, the OSCE-ODIHR or the Venice Commission.

The Commission under your Presidency must develop a sense of urgency in this broader and unprecedented context in which, according to the Commission itself, the end result of the changes pushed by Poland’s ruling party “is that the executive and legislative powers now can interfere throughout the entire structure and output of the justice system.”

This is not merely a clear and present danger as far as the Polish legal order is concerned but represents an existential threat to the functioning of the EU’s interconnected legal system as a whole. To borrow an analogy from computer programming, the rule of law may be considered the EU’s legal order’s “operating system”. What is happening in Poland and also in Hungary constitutes a system threat which will sooner or later corrupt and cause the failure of the EU’s entire system network. 

If the Commission does not act, then Member States (and other) judiciaries will have to act to defend themselves by withdrawing judicial cooperation with the Polish judiciary and ultimately, failing to recognise and enforce the decisions of Polish courts. To prevent further unravelling of the EU’s core legal system, it is imperative for the Commission to act without delay. 

Yours faithfully

Professor Laurent Pech, Middlesex University London 

Professor Kim Lane Scheppele, Princeton University

Professor Wojciech Sadurski, University of Sydney, University of Warsaw

Professor Alberto Alemanno, HEC Paris

Professor Leszek Balcerowicz, Warsaw School of Economics

Professor Petra Bárd, Central European University

Professor Gráinne de Búrca, New York University

Professor Paul Craig, University of Oxford

Dr Tom Gerald Daly, Melbourne School of Government

Dr Joelle Grogan, Middlesex University London 

Professor Gábor Halmai, European University Institute

Professor R. Daniel Kelemen, Rutgers University

Professor Dimitry Kochenov, Groningen University

Professor Tomasz Tadeusz Koncewicz, University of Gdańsk

Dr. Kriszta Kovács, WZB Berlin Social Science Center

Professor John Morijn, Groningen University

Professor Jan-Werner Müller, Princeton University 

Professor Vlad Perju, Boston College 

Professor Sébastien Platon, Bordeaux University

To co-sign this open letter, please leave a comment with your name and affiliation!


146 Comments

  1. Maximilian Steinbeis Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 09:35 - Reply

    Max Steinbeis, Verfassungsblog

  2. Andrew Watt Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 10:17 - Reply

    I will co-sign this open letter.

    Dr. Andrew Watt, Macroeconomic Policy Institute, Hans-Böckler Foundation

  3. Dr Shivaun Quinlivan Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 10:21 - Reply

    I support this letter, action is needed.

  4. Professor Grazyna Skapska, Jagiellonian University, Poland Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 10:49 - Reply

    My short comment
    I fully agree with the contents of this letter, and strongly support it

  5. Jacek Kucharczyk Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 10:52 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories:

    Dr Jacek Kucharczyk, President, Institute of Public Affairs, Poland.

  6. Dr. Radosveta Vassileva Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 11:59 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter!

  7. Sonia Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:01 - Reply

    Please help to polish judges to be not independent from politicians.

  8. Professor Jan Barcz, Kozminski University, Warsaw Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:05 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories:

  9. Mareike Kleine Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:06 - Reply

    Signed!

  10. Jan Truszczynski, former ambassador of Poland to the EU Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:23 - Reply

    I fully support the contents of this letter

  11. Jan Truszczynski, former ambassador of Poland to the EU Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:24 - Reply

    I fully support the contents of this letter.

  12. Professor Zdzislaw Kedzia, Adam Mickiewicz University Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:31 - Reply

    I agree with this letter

  13. Professor Grazyna Skapska, Jagiellonian University, Poland Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:36 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

    • Dr. Tomasz M Rutkowski, The University of Tokyo, Japan Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 23:24 - Reply

      I fully support this letter.

  14. Piotr Nowina-Konopka Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:44 - Reply

    I fully support this letter!!!

  15. Jacob Thaisen Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:51 - Reply

    Dr Jacob Thaisen, University of Oslo

  16. Linda Williams Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 12:51 - Reply

    Action. Not words. ASAP

  17. István Hegedűs Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 13:03 - Reply

    I fully support and sign the open letter.
    István Hegedűs

  18. Alice Stollmeyer Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 13:06 - Reply

    Alice Stollmeyer, Defending Democracy, Brussels

  19. Graziella Romeo Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 13:18 - Reply

    I fully support the Letter.

  20. Dr Grażyna Baranowska, Polish Academy of Sciences Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 13:19 - Reply

    I fully support the letter.

  21. Michał Przybylski Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 13:35 - Reply

    I fully support the letter and urge Commission to duly perform their duties and protect the rule of law in Europe. Lawless Europe is of no use to us.

  22. A. Drzemczewski Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 13:36 - Reply

    I fully support this letter.

    • Francesco Costamagna Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 15:48 - Reply

      I fully support the letter, Francesco Costamagna, University of Turin

  23. Danai Petropoulou Ionescu Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 14:32 - Reply

    I fully support this effort. The European Commission ought finally perform their duty and protect the rule of law in the EU

  24. Iris Gromus Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 14:33 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.

  25. Jan Krotki Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 14:37 - Reply

    Quite right: the Commission has been acting too slowly for at least five years.

  26. Dr. Dariusz Zajac Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 14:59 - Reply

    I agree with this letter.

  27. I support this letter.

  28. Monika Pilatowska Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 15:16 - Reply

    I fully support this letter.

  29. Agnieszka Kurek Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 15:18 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

  30. Maciej Kozlowski Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 15:25 - Reply

    Maciej Kozlowski
    Former ambassador of Poland to Israel. Currently lecturer Collegium Civitas Warsaw

  31. Maciej Kozlowski Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 15:27 - Reply

    Maciej Kozlowski
    Former ambassador of Poland to Israel. Currently lecturer Collegium Civitas Warsaw

    I fuloly support the letter and I signe it

  32. Aspa Theochari, PhD Student in EU Public Law and Administrative Law, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 16:04 - Reply

    I fully support this letter!

  33. Aleksandra Gliszczyńska-Grabias Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 16:09 - Reply

    I fully support the letter.

  34. M. Krzysztof Byrski, prof. emeritus, University of Warsaw, former ambassador to the Indian Republic. Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 16:13 - Reply

    I fully support this letter!

  35. Maciej Krupa Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 16:28 - Reply

    I fully support this letter!

  36. Małgorzata Puto Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 17:27 - Reply

    I support the letter.

  37. Marlene Wind Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 17:46 - Reply

    I fully support this motion

  38. Jean Paul Jacqué Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 18:31 - Reply

    Y fully support this letter

  39. Rikke Dahl Nielsen Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 18:40 - Reply

    I agree with this letter

  40. Rune Linding Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 18:41 - Reply

    I fully support this.

    Dr. Rune Linding
    Humboldt Universität zu Berlin

  41. Prof. Peter Bursens, University of Antwerp Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:17 - Reply

    Excellent argumentation addressing a pressing and urgent matter. I fully support thuis letter!

  42. Kinga dr. Szurday Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:23 - Reply

    I fully support the letter and urge Commission to duly perform their duties and protect the rule of law in Hungary also as well as in whoole Europe.

    Hungarian Europe Society

  43. ANNA FAFINSKA Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:28 - Reply

    I fully support this letter.

  44. Wiesław Redlich Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:29 - Reply

    I fully suport this!

  45. Grzegorz Borys Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:33 - Reply

    Grzegorz Borys, Komitet Obrony Demokracji

  46. Elżbieta Białach Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:42 - Reply

    I fully agree with the contents of this letter.

  47. Joanna Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:43 - Reply

    Help us!

  48. Barrister Konrad Pogoda Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:46 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories.

  49. Katarzyna Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:47 - Reply

    I fully support the letter and strongly support the action to be taken by European Commission and TSUE against the government of PiS. Poland is not PiS. We want to be the part of UE.

  50. Mikael Rask Madsen Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:49 - Reply

    I also strongly support the letter
    Mikael Rask Madsen
    ICourts, Copenhagen

  51. Zbigniew Barszczewski Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:54 - Reply

    I support this letter. An ordinary citizen of Poland and EU.

  52. Marcin Matczak Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 19:58 - Reply

    Marcin Matczak, University of Warsaw

  53. Kinga Mierzyńska Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:01 - Reply

    I fully support the letter and strongly support the action to be taken by European Commission and TSUE.

  54. Dorota Ciesielska Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:04 - Reply

    Please help to polish judges to be not independent from politicians. I fully support this letter.

  55. dr Bartosz Pilecki, University of Southern Denmark Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:13 - Reply

    I fully support the letter and urge the Commission to act without any further delay.

  56. Bartosz Gala Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:14 - Reply

    I fully support the contents of this letter

  57. Adrian Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:19 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter

  58. Aleksejs Dimitrovs, lawyer Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:21 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

  59. Martin Krygier Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:22 - Reply

    My full support for this necessary letter.

  60. apl. Prof. Dr. habil. Markus Linden, Universität Trier, Germany Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:32 - Reply

    I co-sign this open letter.

  61. Stanisław Kasiewicz Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:51 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

    Retired professor, Warsaw School of Economics

  62. Bogumiła Kotuła Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 20:53 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

  63. Hubert Woźniak Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 21:19 - Reply

    I fully support this letter.

  64. Anna Wyrozumska Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 21:26 - Reply

    I support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories

  65. Katarzyna Dziarnowska Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 21:37 - Reply

    I support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories.

  66. Dariusz Borkiewicz Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 21:37 - Reply

    An independent judiciary is one of the key foundations of liberty and true democracy. I express my full support for this letter.

  67. Marcin Wozniakowski Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 21:45 - Reply

    I support this letter.

  68. Michał Piłat Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 22:02 - Reply

    I support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories.

  69. Roman Kozlowski An ordinary gray citizen without titles. Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 22:08 - Reply

    I am a former policeman and I’ve been in the first social group affected by the repression of the PiS (I am suprimarily of the part of the acquired pension rights)I care about fair and objective courts, that’s why,I fully support the letter and strongly support the action to be taken by European Commission and TSUE against the government of PiS. Poland is not PiS. We want to be the part of UE.

  70. Roman Kuźniar Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 22:23 - Reply

    Indifference is not an option.

  71. Jerzy Dramowicz Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 22:38 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.

  72. Jacek Wiewiorowski, Associate Professor, University of Gdańsk Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 22:47 - Reply

    I support this letter: this is an urgent moment for action!

    • Dominik Czeszkiewicz JUDGE Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 07:17 - Reply

      The Commission must quickly bring an expedited infringement action against this “muzzle law”!

  73. Jacek Kwaśniewski Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 22:51 - Reply

    I fully support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories.

  74. Jerzy Kałążny, Associate Professor, University of Poznań, Poland Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 23:11 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.

  75. Jacek Szelożyński, Gdańsk, Poland Mon 9 Mar 2020 at 23:52 - Reply

    I do agree with this open letter and fully support its points.

  76. Artur Kozłowski Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 00:22 - Reply

    I agree with the line of reasoning.

    Artur Kozłowski, Wroclaw University

  77. Piotr Zagórski Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 01:12 - Reply

    I support this letter.
    Piotr Zagórski, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

  78. Maria Muller Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 03:56 - Reply

    I support this very much.Help us to regain fair Poland.With respect and hope.

  79. Michał Lewoc Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 06:57 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories:

    Dr Michał Lewoc
    Judge

  80. Tadeusz Kowalczyk Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 07:32 - Reply

    I support this letter.

  81. Tadeusz Kowalczyk Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 07:35 - Reply

    I support this letter.

    Tadeusz Kowalczyk
    Judge

  82. Agata Linden-Piechuska Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 08:00 - Reply

    I support this letter

  83. Mariusz Malinowski Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 08:54 - Reply

    I support this letter!
    Mariusz Malinowski
    Film director

  84. Daniel Zieliński, PhD student University of Gdańsk Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 08:55 - Reply

    I fully support the content of the letter.

  85. Bruno De Witte, Maastricht University Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 10:10 - Reply

    I support the letter to the Commission

  86. Aleksander Perczynski Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 10:17 - Reply

    Supporting, unaffiliated.

  87. Aneta Kaniak-Golik Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 11:15 - Reply

    I fully support the content of the letter, but one sentence in the text stands out for me: “The current procrastination is akin to dereliction of duty.”. I do hope that, in spite of all appearences, the Commission has not abandoned those Polish citizens who wanted Poland to become the member of EU and who still believe in European institutions.

  88. Tomasz Sowinski Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 12:20 - Reply

    I also strongly support the letter.

  89. Dorota Szafarska Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 13:25 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

  90. Kamil Mysiak Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 13:42 - Reply

    I fully support this letter.

  91. Christian Boulanger Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 13:51 - Reply

    I fully and strongly support this letter.

  92. Anrew Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 13:52 - Reply

    The Constitutional Tribunal has been unlawfully captured by the previous majority (now opposition), just put one fact for the thesis, instaed of bla bla bla.

  93. Piotr Gąsiorowski, Adam Mickiewicz University Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 14:28 - Reply

    I fully support this letter and wish to join the voices urging for immediate action.

  94. Pablo Castillo-Ortiz Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 14:32 - Reply

    Pablo Castillo-Ortiz, University of Sheffield

  95. Benedikt Pirker Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 14:36 - Reply

    Benedikt Pirker, University of Fribourg

  96. Ambassador Ryszard Schnepf, Conference of Ambassadors Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 14:59 - Reply

    I fully support this letter. This is not only about Poland, this is about Europe.

  97. Maria Thiele Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 15:14 - Reply

    Frau von der Leyen,

    es ist die höchste Zeit aktiv zu werden. Wir, demokratische Bürgerinnen und Bürger Polens warten auf Ihr Engagement, um die Demokratie in Polen zu verteidigen. Das ist Ihre Pflicht. Zögern Sie nicht, tun Sie, was zu tun ist.

  98. Professor Kees Groenendijk, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 15:56 - Reply

    I fully agree with the content of this letter and strongly support it

  99. Marcin Ochmański, architect Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 16:01 - Reply

    Support the letter

  100. Paul Blokker Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 17:08 - Reply

    I support this letter.

  101. Agnieszka Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 18:18 - Reply

    Agnieszka Niklas-Bibik,
    Judge

  102. Monika Całkiewicz Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 18:30 - Reply

    prof. Monika Całkiewicz, Kozminski University

  103. Etienne Hanelt, Doctoral Researcher, University of Oxford Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 19:30 - Reply

    I support this letter.

  104. Agnieszka Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 20:40 - Reply

    I support this letter, strongly

  105. Paul Benter, Student, Eng. Law & Ger. Law, KCL (DPSoL) Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 20:49 - Reply

    I support this letter.

  106. Allan St. Rasmussen Tue 10 Mar 2020 at 23:34 - Reply

    I fully support the content of this important contribution to defend the liberal democray of all EU member states.

  107. dr Mateusz Woinski, Kozminski University, Warsaw Wed 11 Mar 2020 at 11:42 - Reply

    I fully support the letter.

  108. Professor Jerzy Kranz Wed 11 Mar 2020 at 17:33 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

  109. Patryk Wed 11 Mar 2020 at 19:02 - Reply

    Patrick Wodecki, University of Warsaw

  110. Stanislaw Biernat, Jagiellonian University Wed 11 Mar 2020 at 21:27 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

  111. Eugeniusz Smolar Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 09:53 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.Please add my name to the signatories.
    Eugeniusz Smolar – Center for International Relations, Warsaw.

  112. Dariusz Niewadzisz Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 10:17 - Reply

    I support this letter.

  113. dr Anna Maksimiuk-Pazura (retired) Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 10:22 - Reply

    The only way to stop breaking democracy in Poland,my country,is to ban “muzzle law”.
    Therefore please add my signature as I fully support the opinion expressed in the letter

  114. Jarosław Kwiatkowski Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 10:40 - Reply

    As an entrepreneur, I strongly support the initiative presented. The independence of the judiciary in Poland and other European Union countries is of the utmost importance.

  115. J. Kontrymowicz Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 10:41 - Reply

    I fully support this letter

  116. Edyta Kubikowska Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 10:41 - Reply

    I strongly support.

  117. Dorota Buchwald Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 10:45 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter!
    Dorota Buchwald, Polish Theatre Encyclopedia

  118. Aleksandra Solarz Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 10:58 - Reply

    I support this letter. Please add my name to the signatories.

  119. Peter Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 12:58 - Reply

    Pls, speed up to support us to delete the Muzzle Law, otherwise it might spread across Europe.

  120. Jan Karwowski Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 13:03 - Reply

    You have my support!

  121. Hanna Karwowska Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 13:04 - Reply

    My also

    • Jacek Hennig Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 14:03 - Reply

      I fully support the letter!

  122. Iwo Byczewski Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 13:33 - Reply

    I strongly support

  123. Prof. em. Dr. Winfried Thaa Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 14:57 - Reply

    I support this letter

  124. Stanisław Obirek Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 17:07 - Reply

    Let us hope that it helps!

  125. Anna Nehrebecka - Byczewska Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 18:40 - Reply

    I fully support

  126. Monika Płatek Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 18:45 - Reply

    I do support and sign this letter

  127. Aneta Dekowska Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 19:11 - Reply

    I do support and sign this letter

  128. Shoshana Ronen Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 21:30 - Reply

    I fully support that letter!

  129. Beata Radecka Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 21:33 - Reply

    I fully and strongly support this letter!

  130. Dominika Kozarzewska Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 22:33 - Reply

    I fully support the letter.

  131. Joanna Szostek Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 23:26 - Reply

    I support this letter with all my will.

  132. Mirosław Szostek Thu 12 Mar 2020 at 23:29 - Reply

    I suport this letter with all my mind.

  133. Magdalena Wolska-Kolmus Fri 13 Mar 2020 at 07:25 - Reply

    I support this letter

  134. Jan Buchwald Fri 13 Mar 2020 at 19:40 - Reply

    I strongly support this letter.

  135. Christoph Flügge Mon 16 Mar 2020 at 09:05 - Reply

    I support and sign this letter.

    Christoph Flügge
    former Judge of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), Den Haag
    former Justiz-Staatssekretär, Berlin

  136. Anna Czaplinska Mon 16 Mar 2020 at 20:28 - Reply

    I fully support and sign this letter.

    Anna Czaplinska, University of Lodz

  137. Halina Tarud Tue 17 Mar 2020 at 09:53 - Reply

    J support this letter

  138. Ronald Janse, Open University, Netherlands Fri 20 Mar 2020 at 19:11 - Reply

    Full support for this letter.

  139. J.P. Schoffer Petriček Thu 2 Apr 2020 at 03:09 - Reply

    This petition to the European Commission has the full support of Pulse of Europe-Canarias.
    Long live an independent judiciary, the rule of law. Long live Europe.

  140. Professor Ronan McCrea, University College London Mon 20 Apr 2020 at 19:06 - Reply

    I support the contents of this letter.

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