http://dx.doi.org/10.17176/20211215-142334-0 https://staging.verfassungsblog.de/os3-ketchup-effect/ The ‘Ketchup Effect’ Naarttijärvi, Markus eng 2021-12-15 electronic resource text/html ddc:342 surveillance Sweden Verfassungsblog Verfassungsblog--2366-7044 CC BY-SA 4.0 A closer look at the use of surveillance measures by public authorities in Sweden following 9/11 reveals that once it began, the development can perhaps best be described as displaying a ‘ketchup effect’; where you open the bottle and at first nothing comes out, and then it all comes out at once and you have effectively ruined your dish (which, depending on your view of ketchup, may have been doomed from the moment you picked up the bottle).