http://dx.doi.org/10.17176/20190708-143500-0 https://staging.verfassungsblog.de/the-citizen-the-tyrant-and-the-tyranny-of-patterns/ The Citizen, the Tyrant, and the Tyranny of Patterns Dumbrava, Costica eng 2019-06-20 electronic resource text/html ddc:342 China Citizenship Social Credit System Verfassungsblog Verfassungsblog--2366-7044 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Good citizenship cannot be captured or fixed by an algorithm, because: (1) people genuinely disagree about what good citizenship is; (2) there are limits to how any conception of good citizenship can be enforced in states that uphold the rule-of-law; and (3) even the best scheme of algorithmic citizenship would fail to achieve its objectives due to the inherent weaknesses of applying algorithms to social affairs.