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  <titleInfo>
    <title>The ECtHR Steps into the Ring</title>
    <subTitle>The Xero Flor ruling as the ECtHR’s first step in fighting rule of law backsliding</subTitle>
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  <name type="personal" usage="primary">
    <namePart>Leloup, Mathieu</namePart>
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    <dateIssued encoding="marc">2021</dateIssued>
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    <publisher>Verfassungsblog</publisher>
    <dateIssued>2021-05-10</dateIssued>
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  <abstract displayLabel="Summary">For the last two years, the fight for safeguarding the principle of the rule of law in Poland has been dominated by the ECJ’s case law. During this, the Strasbourg Court has mostly been sitting in the bleachers. Yet, with its Xero Flor judgment of 7 May, it strapped on its gloves and stepped into the ring. It concluded that the Polish Constitutional Tribunal, in its current composition, cannot be seen as a tribunal established by law. The decision will undoubtedly have major political and legal consequences.</abstract>
  <accessCondition type="use and reproduction">CC BY-SA 4.0</accessCondition>
  <note type="statement of responsibility">Leloup, Mathieu</note>
  <note type="funding">funded by the government</note>
  <subject>
    <topic>Democratic Backsliding</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>ECHR</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>ECtHR</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>Poland</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>Polish Constitutional Tribunal</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>Rule of Law</topic>
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  <classification authority="ddc" edition="23">342</classification>
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    <identifier type="issn">2366-7044</identifier>
    <name>
      <namePart>Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH</namePart>
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  <identifier type="doi">10.17176/20210510-181420-0</identifier>
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