20 September 2020
Lawful composition – the EFTA Court’s approach
On 10 September 2020, the British Advocate General at the Court of Justice of the European Union, Eleanor Sharpston, was replaced by the Greek lawyer Athanasios Rantos. Most of the commentators of the incident, which stirred up a great deal of dust, focus on the question whether the termination of Ms. Sharpston’s mandate on 10 September 2020 was lawful. The following considerations, on the other hand, examine the legal situation in the event that her expulsion from the ECJ was after Brexit in line with EU law. A precedent of the EFTA Court in 2016 may be relevant in this context. Continue reading >>
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18 September 2020
Über Hass schreiben
Ein feministisches Buch und der Versuch eines Regierungsmitarbeiters, dessen Verbreitung zu unterbinden, erregen die Gemüter in Frankreich. Die Rede ist von Misandrie (Männerhass) einerseits und Zensur andererseits. Der Beitrag erläutert die Geschehnisse und fragt, welche Lehren daraus für die Cancel Culture-Debatte (auch) in Deutschland zu ziehen sind. Continue reading >>
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Progress durch Regress
Am 10. September 2020 entschied das VG Köln, dass die ehemalige Oberbürgermeisterin der Stadt Bonn, Bärbel Dieckmann, wegen grob fahrlässiger Verletzung ihrer Dienstpflichten der Stadt Schadenersatz in Höhe von 1 Mio. Euro leisten muss. Der Fall erregt auch deshalb Aufsehen, weil es selten vorkommt, dass Dienstherren versuchen, ihre Beamten in Regress zu nehmen. Der in der Praxis festzustellende zurückhaltende Umgang mit Regressforderungen in der Praxis sollte aber kritisch reflektiert werden, denn als Mittel der Verwaltungskontrolle kann der Regress auf längere Sicht auch das Vertrauen der Bürger in die Verwaltung fördern. Continue reading >>17 September 2020
Fakten und Kultur
Auch wenn man sich noch schwer damit tut, die Formulierung vom „strukturellen Problem“ in den Mund zu nehmen – die Problembeschreibungen offenbaren genau dies: Es ist kein Zufall, dass Rechtsextremismus und Rassismus in der Polizei zu finden sind, sondern es hat gerade auch mit der Struktur dieser Organisation zu tun, mit ihrer Personalauswahl, mit Aufgaben und Tätigkeit der Polizei, mit fehlenden Räumen für Reflexion und Coaching, mit den Formen des Umgangs mit Fehlern und Missständen. Continue reading >>Ashen Sunset
Seven years ago today, Pavlos Fyssas was murdered by members of Greece’s Neonazi party Golden Dawn. It was only then, after the death of an ethnic Greek, that the authorities finally took action against the party and its members, having ignored violent acts against migrants, ethnic minorities, disabled persons, LGBT persons and others committed by party members for several years. On 7 October 2020, five and a half years and 453 hearings after the trial against 69 members of Golden Dawn began, judgment will be finally passed. Continue reading >>
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Lock-Down to Avoid Lock-Up?
Whether and to what extent public demonstrations can legitimately be limited in times of a pandemic is a challenge many countries are facing these days. In Israel, however, the COVID-19 crisis is intertwined with an ongoing political crisis. Citizens take to the street against a government which uses the pandemic as an argument to restrict those very protests. With a second lock-down imminent, is freedom of assembly in danger in Israel? Continue reading >>16 September 2020
A Matter of Faith
The purpose of Brexit, we have been told, is to “take back control”. It should hardly come as a surprise therefore that this involves the reassertion by Parliament of its prerogative to determine the domestic effects (if any) of international agreements within the UK legal system. Wresting this power away from Brussels goes to the very root of Brexit’s raison d’être. Moreover, why have this power if you’re not going to use it? It is in this context that the furore concerning the Internal Market Bill, presented last Wednesday by the Johnson government, should be viewed. Continue reading >>
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Fear and (Self-)Censorship in Academia
Concerns with media freedom in Hungary go back years and they are also used as the case study for the Reverse Solange proposal presented on this blog. The most recent event is the takeover of the largest online news portal, Index, where the entire staff left as a response. A less documented arena is the academic setting we work in and which influences our work and everyday life. In both fields, takeover and blatant censorship is but the tip of the iceberg: the most visible part and indicative of a larger problem. In this post, I describe the problem through illustrative cases and discuss possible responses. Continue reading >>
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15 September 2020
The Crisis of the Organization of American States That is Rocking the Commission on Human Rights
In the last few weeks, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Organization of American States' General Secretariat have been involved in a rather undiplomatic public confrontation. The core of the dispute is the renewal of the mandate of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights Executive Secretary, who is the employee in charge of leading the technical staff which supports the work of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. At first glance, said determination might seem like a minor issue, but in reality, it could translate into important repercussions for the protection of human rights in the Americas. Furthermore, this standoff sheds light into some chronic problems within the Organization and could be used as an opportunity for its strengthening. Continue reading >>
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That Depends
The controversial debate about Eleanor Sharpston’s position as Advocate General has raised a lot of questions: political as well as legal. Many of the legal questions have not been decided by the Courts, the law is ambiguous, and the circumstances with one Member leaving the European Union are unprecedented. And yet, the Court of Justice treated those questions as if the answers were straightforward and clear-cut. In doing so, the Court seems to have ignored the complexity of the legal questions and thereby undercut the effectiveness of the proceedings for interim measures. Continue reading >>14 September 2020
Am Ende der Kraft
Das Recht hat an Kraft als Argument erheblich eingebüßt, wenn es um den europäischen Flüchtlingsschutz geht. Sicher, noch immer werden in allen Ecken Europas Asylverfahren durchgeführt, Dublin-Zuständigkeiten geprüft, es wird registriert und notiert, aufgelistet und angehört. Doch unterhalb dieses geschäftigen Treibens des täglichen Rechtlichen ziehen sich große Brüche und sie werden größer. Continue reading >>“Anti-Politics” in the Name of the People
The current Chilean Constitution is politically dead; it does no longer provide legitimacy and integrity to the political system. In the constituent process, the government’s constitutional proposals can be interpreted as being part of what has been called Chilean populist moment, characterised not only by a distrust in expert opinion, a rejection of the elite’s privileges, or a challenge on representative democracy, but an explicit “anti-politics” stance in the name of the people. Continue reading >>
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12 September 2020
Die Numerierung der Bürger: Effizienzdenken versus Überwachungsangst
Die Kritik ist Jahrzehnte alt, ihre Wirkung gering: Schon früh haben Bürgerrechtler erkannt, dass die Einführung einer allgemeinen Bürgernummer für Verwaltungszwecke verfassungsrechtlich bedenklich wäre. Nun unternimmt die Bundesregierung wieder einen Versuch, die ganz umfassende Vernetzung der öffentlichen Register zu bewerkstelligen, und weckt damit die alten Ängste vor dem Überwachungsstaat. Der durchorganisierte Verwaltungsstaat, der den Reformern vorschwebt, ist aber nicht nur deswegen so problematisch, weil er die Bürger effektiver kontrollieren könnte, sondern weil die angestrebte perfekte Verwaltung auch ohne eine solche Überwachungsabsicht die Freiheitlichkeit der Gesellschaft gefährden würde. Continue reading >>
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On Coins, Parallel Universes and the Cooperation and Verification Mechanism
The European Commission seems to inhabit a universe which is too distant from the realities of Bulgaria and Romania, which are the only EU members subjected to the CVM. Even worse, it is currently attempting to sweep the CVM under the carpet of oblivion for no good reason, as seen in Commissioner Vera Jourova’s presentation on the mechanism before the LIBE Committee at the European Parliament on 10 September 2020. The Commission is attempting to persuade concerned citizens and Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) that it would continue the monitoring of these countries under the new Rule of Law Mechanism. It insists that this be an argument to terminate the CVM, but is this justified? Continue reading >>11 September 2020
It’s Urgent III
10 September 2020 was a watershed moment for the Court of Justice’s independence: the Court, through its Vice-President, has agreed to dismiss its own sitting member without even notifying her of the appeal against the suspensory order protecting her tenure guaranteed in the EU Treaties. It did so by arguing, effectively, that the Member States could dismiss members of the Court at will, and that such decisions were beyond judicial review: AG Sharpston’s fight for the independence of the Court, according to that very Court through its Vice-President, had ‘prima facie’ ‘no prospect of success’. Continue reading >>Preserve the Ashes of Moria
The Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church on the Kurfürstendamm in Berlin has famously left in ruins after its bombing during World War II. If Moria too is left destroyed, it will at least provide the semblance of such a memorial for catastrophe. Unlike with the church, this will not be due to a grand political choice and a historical victory, but will nevertheless serve as a reminder, for those of us who look for it, of a torturous bureaucracy and a large revolt against it. Continue reading >>
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10 September 2020
In the Name of Peace and Integrity?
Last Tuesday, something rare took place in Westminster. The UK Government officially announced its intention to breach the Withdrawal Agreement that it had signed and ratified a few months ago. Prime Minister Boris Johnson valiantly defended the draft by declaring that such breach is necessary in order ‘to uphold the integrity of the UK, but also to protect the Northern Irish peace process and the Good Friday agreement.’ Is that really so? Continue reading >>
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Pop Up oder Pop Down
Rund 25 Kilometer Pop-Up-Radwege hat der Berliner Senat seit der Corona-Krise auf besonders befahrenen Straßenabschnitten eingerichtet. Ein Beschluss des Verwaltungsgerichts Berlin vom 4. September 2020 könnte nun das Ende für das Prestigeobjekt der Berliner Verkehrspolitik bedeuten. Doch so einfach ist es nicht. Was der Berliner Senat aus dem Beschluss für die Zukunft lernen sollte, wo die rechtlichen Hürden beim Einrichten eines Fahrradwegs liegen und wie die bestehenden Pop-Up-Radwege vielleicht doch noch gerettet werden können, zeigt ein Blick in die Begründung. Continue reading >>Kooperation statt Kräftemessen
Der Untersuchungsausschuss zur Tötung des Kasseler Regierungspräsidenten Walter Lübcke droht mit einer Klage gegen das Oberlandesgericht Frankfurt. Grund dafür ist, dass das Gericht und der Generalbundesanwalt sich weigern, die Akten zum Fall herauszugeben. In diesem Konflikt zwischen parlamentarischem Untersuchungsrecht und dem Recht des Angeklagten auf ein faires, rasches Verfahren, sollten beide Seiten auf ein Kräftemessen verzichten und stattdessen miteinander kooperieren. Continue reading >>
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09 September 2020